風險評價就是對工業生產企業的危險源進行辨識和評估。危險源是指導致事故的潛在的不安全因素。危險源的危險性評價包括對危險源自身危險性的評價及對危險源危害程度的評價兩個方面。危險源的危害程度與對危險源的控制效果有關。對危險源自身危險性的評價包括確認危險源和來自危險源的危險性。 
    危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)評(ping)價包(bao)括確(que)(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)和評(ping)價危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)程度(du)兩個方面。危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)確(que)(que)(que)認在于辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)源(yuan)和量化來自危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)。雖然(ran)定性(xing)(xing)辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)只能概略地區別危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)程度(du)，但(dan)這(zhe)也是(shi)必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)。要(yao)更為(wei)精確(que)(que)(que)地明確(que)(que)(que)事故發生概率的(de)(de)(de)大小及后果嚴(yan)重程度(du)，則需要(yao)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)定量辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)。借(jie)助于一(yi)些數學方法，可(ke)以將定性(xing)(xing)辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)轉變(bian)為(wei)定量辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)，從而(er)提(ti)高定性(xing)(xing)辨(bian)(bian)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)精確(que)(que)(que)度(du)。確(que)(que)(que)認系統的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)需對危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)反復(fu)校核，以確(que)(que)(que)認是(shi)否(fou)存在新的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)。將反復(fu)校核過的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)定量結果與(yu)允許界限進(jin)行(xing)(xing)比(bi)較(jiao)，以確(que)(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)程度(du)。對采(cai)取控制措施后仍(reng)然(ran)存在的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)性(xing)(xing)再進(jin)行(xing)(xing)評(ping)價，以確(que)(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)是(shi)否(fou)可(ke)以接受。