風險評價就是對工業生產企業的危險源進行辨識和評估。危險源是指導致事故的潛在的不安全因素。危險源的危險性評價包括對危險源自身危險性的評價及對危險源危害程度的評價兩個方面。危險源的危害程度與對危險源的控制效果有關。對危險源自身危險性的評價包括確認危險源和來自危險源的危險性。  
    危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)評(ping)價包括確(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)和評(ping)價危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)程(cheng)度(du)兩個方(fang)面。危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)確(que)(que)認在于(yu)辨(bian)識(shi)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)源(yuan)和量化來(lai)自危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)。雖然定(ding)性(xing)辨(bian)識(shi)只能概略地區別危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)程(cheng)度(du)，但這也(ye)是必要的(de)(de)。要更為精確(que)(que)地明(ming)確(que)(que)事(shi)故發(fa)生概率的(de)(de)大小及后果(guo)嚴(yan)重程(cheng)度(du)，則(ze)需要進(jin)行(xing)定(ding)量辨(bian)識(shi)。借助于(yu)一(yi)些數學(xue)方(fang)法，可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)定(ding)性(xing)辨(bian)識(shi)轉變為定(ding)量辨(bian)識(shi)，從而提高定(ding)性(xing)辨(bian)識(shi)的(de)(de)精確(que)(que)度(du)。確(que)(que)認系統的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)需對危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)進(jin)行(xing)反復校(xiao)核，以(yi)確(que)(que)認是否(fou)存(cun)(cun)在新的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。將(jiang)反復校(xiao)核過的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)定(ding)量結果(guo)與允許(xu)界(jie)限進(jin)行(xing)比較，以(yi)確(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)程(cheng)度(du)。對采(cai)取控制(zhi)措施(shi)后仍然存(cun)(cun)在的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)性(xing)再進(jin)行(xing)評(ping)價，以(yi)確(que)(que)認危(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)(xian)是否(fou)可(ke)以(yi)接受。